This study explores the integration of immigrants into the Swedish labour market through vocational education, focusing on those who arrived during the large-scale arrival of refugees in 2015 and later. Using a life course perspective and Foucault’s power theory, the research examines how power structures within the education system, the labour market, and migration policy shape their experiences and opportunities. Through life story interviews with four men, the study highlights the challenges they face, such as the need for formal Swedish education and language skills to be recognised as professionals. Although they possess vocational skills from their countries of origin, they encounter bureaucratic obstacles and uncertainty regarding employment within their professional fields—circumstances that, in some cases, may even be decisive for obtaining a residence permit. The findings reveal how the participants navigate and renegotiate power structures to create new life trajectories and professional identities. The study underscores the importance of developing inclusive educational programmes and labour market policies that consider immigrants’ backgrounds and previous experiences. Future research should focus on the long-term effects of vocational training on labour market integration, regional differences in programme implementation, and policy measures that best support immigrants’ integration through vocational training.