The chapter analyzes dissent as a practice of clash and contrast through which the meanings and values of cultural heritage are discovered and realized. Taking an institutional and political economy perspective rooted in the Bloomington School of Institutional Analysis, this chapter explores the collective dilemmas that arise when the values attributed to cultural heritage diverge or come into conflict. Beyond an assignment, appropriation, and provision dilemma, a fourth one is identified: a contribution dilemma. Based on the dual nature of cultural heritage as both a tangible and a non-tangible resource, the contribution dilemma is about the tensions related to the fact that consumers are co-producers of the resource and that different groups seek to realize different and conflicting values. Such a heterogeneity of preferences, in a context of co-production and interdependence, entails an issue with rivalry over the types of uses of cultural heritage that occurs through dissent, producing outcome situations of reinvention.