Microplastic pollution has emerged as a critical environmental issue, significantly impacting marine ecosystems and human societies. In 2016, an estimated 19 to 23 million metric tons of plastic waste, approximately 11% of global plastic waste, entered aquatic ecosystems, with an additional 53 million metric tons expected to reach these habitats by 2030. In Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, particularly along its urbanized shoreline at Rama Krishna Beach recognized for its tourism, cultural significance, and economic identity, stretching 3.7 km (2.3 miles) along the Bay of Bengal coastline and varying in width from 50 to 150 m at its broadest points, depending on the tide and specific location and adjacent coastal zones, microplastics originate from diverse land and sea based sources, including litter fragmentation, urban runoff, synthetic fibers, and maritime activities. Seasonal monitoring across the central east coast of India reveals elevated concentrations of microplastic pellets (“nurdles”) during monsoon periods due to enhanced stormwater runoff from roads, urban areas, and storm drains, as well as increased tourism and fishing activity. Microplastics are defined as plastic particles less than 5 mm. They pose ecological threats by absorbing toxins and entering food chains, affecting both marine life and humans. Effective mitigation requires public awareness, reduction of single-use plastics, improved waste management, and strict regulatory enforcement. Continued monitoring and research are essential to address this growing threat.