The chapter provides a critical analysis of peace in Botswana, a country that has earned a reputation as one of the most peaceful and stable in Southern Africa and, indeed, on the continent as a whole. The country has been ranked among the most peaceful countries in Africa by the Global Peace Index of the Institute for Economics and Peace. Although studies have been conducted to account for Botswana’s democratic trajectory over the years, few academic studies have been conducted to interrogate and analyze the sources, explanations, and dynamics of Botswana’s peacefulness. Further, most studies in peace and peacebuilding in Africa have focused on countries in overt conflict and violence and their post-conflict peacebuilding experiences to the exclusion of those with a consistent record of peacefulness, such as Botswana. The result was a dearth of literature and understanding of the underlying reasons and factors that account for peace in these very outliers. It is in this regard that this chapter analyzes Botswana’s trajectory of peace and peacefulness, from the pre-colonial, colonial, post-independence, and contemporary times through a critical peacebuilding lens, which is multi-dimensional in approach. In assessing peace in Botswana, the chapter attempts to go beyond ticking boxes of the dominant liberal peace paradigm indicators, which the chapter argues may result in a misconstruing of the country’s peace trajectory. Instead, this chapter employs a multi-dimensional approach to peace and peacefulness. This is an approach that seeks to appreciate the evolutionary nature of peace which is also context specific. Further, this multi-dimensional perspective to peace is broad, including not only the political and economic aspects but the socio-cultural determinants of peacefulness as well. It is against this backdrop that this approach is applied to the exceptional case of Botswana whose unique experience and trajectory warrants appraisal through an unconventional theoretical lens.