Uttarkashi Disaster
摘要
On 18 July 2021, a cloudburst-triggered debris flow and flash flood struck four villages in Uttarkashi district, Uttarakhand, causing widespread devastation. Intense and localized rainfall generated high-energy runoff that mobilized large volumes of debris along steep mountain slopes and stream channels. The event resulted in severe damage to agricultural land, destruction of human settlements, and loss of human lives. The disaster disrupted local livelihoods and exposed the fragility of mountain socio-ecological systems. This event highlights the increasing frequency of extreme rainfall episodes in the Himalaya. It underscores the role of geomorphological sensitivity and unplanned human interventions in amplifying disaster impacts. Strengthening early warning systems and adopting risk-sensitive land-use planning are essential to reduce future losses.