Brazilian diplomacy played a crucial role during the Durban Conference. The course of the deliberations and many of its outcomes carry the fingerprint of Brazil’s diplomatic endeavours and the active role played by the dynamic Brazilian civil society. No objective reflection on national and international strategies to effectively combat racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and intolerance should ignore the proposals contained in the Durban Declaration and Plan of Action negotiated and agreed in South Africa. In Brazil’s view, the Durban Conference laid the foundation for formulating public policies to effectively fight racism and racial discrimination. Nevertheless, its goals remain unfinished. In today’s world—where systemic racism and racial inequality persist—its legacy is more relevant than ever.