The proposed work involves evaluating the response to applied loads of masonry structures, calculating the elastic strain and stress configurations, and determining the collapse load. The calculations were performed using homogenization techniques in both the elastic and plastic ranges. The first has followed classical homogenization techniques in th elastic range by individuating the Representative Volume Element characterizing the material behavior, the second results is the collapse limit of the structure that has been calculated resolving at first the evaluation of the limit stresses of the Elementary Cell through direct limit analysis and subsequently through applying the limit design to the full scale structure using the previously calculated limit stress. The limit analysis procedure developed by the authors enables the calculation of the collapse load for structures with no tension and anisotropic material properties without complications. The paper presents two examples of applying this method to masonry structures with heterogeneous and anisotropic strength characteristics and compares the results to Page’s well-known full-scale collapse experiment on the Prestwood bridge.