Nanomaterials represent a fascinating group of materials characterized by having at least one dimension ranging from 1 to 100 nanometers. They play a crucial role in the fields of nanoscience and nanotechnology. Nanotechnology has gained traction in a number of areas, providing unique and effective advantages that have resulted in significant breakthroughs in industries like agriculture and health, among others. Nanomaterials (NMs), which offer better performance than their bulk equivalents and stimulus innovation in contemporary technology, have become more well-known due to their adjustable physical, chemical, and biological characteristics. Precisely managing their size, shape, and composition is a challenging endeavour, yet it significantly influences their overall performance. This review mainly focuses on the basics of nanomaterials as well as nanotechnology, classification of nanoparticles and nanostructured materials, includes types and different approaches utilized to synthesis of nanomaterials for various methods such as physical, chemical and biological methods.