Globally, numerous waterbird species are experiencing significant population declines primarily due to accelerated climate change, habitat loss and escalating human activities. The use of artificial nest boxes is emerging as a viable conservation strategy for endangered aquatic and semi-aquatic bird species to address the decline of natural nesting habitats and increasing the breeding success rate. This study comprehensively reviews strategies for successful implementation, appropriate design, placement and continued maintenance of artificial nest boxes for cavity-nesting species of birds such as ducks, herons and terns within the diverse wetland ecosystems. This chapter highlights the paramount significance of meticulously selecting materials for constructing artificial nest boxes. It emphasizes the crucial role of considering factors including the appropriate size, configuration, predator deterrent measures and design to suit the needs of specific bird species. By integrating artificial nest box programs with broader conservation efforts such as damaged habitat restoration and invasive species control can ensure long-term population recovery and protection of vulnerable waterbird communities.