Blockchain technology is transforming at a rapid pace how ecologically critical sectors attain efficiency, traceability, and transparency. Blockchain provides tremendous potential for improved resource management and enhanced environmental protection due to its decentralized and tamper-proof nature. The use of blockchain in water, energy, waste, and carbon management sectors is the subject of this chapter, drawing on 131 existing research papers between 2016 and 2025. The discussion highlights real-world applications of blockchain adoption, such as enhancing carbon trading systems, enabling intelligent and sustainable agriculture, and managing natural resources. This chapter examines the benefits of blockchain networks, along with their major obstacles, including regulatory uncertainty, scalability, and energy consumption. It explores the possible solutions to these limitations through fusions of blockchain with technologies like IoT and AI. Overcoming these limitations, blockchain can provide a considerable contribution to achieving the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals and shaping a more sustainable world environment. The chapter offers a realistic overview of modern applications, ongoing barriers, and future possibilities, outlining a clear agenda for leveraging blockchain to create a more environmentally friendly future.