This chapter focuses on how plants provide materials for textiles and cosmetics. It will cover plant species such as cotton, wood, and cosmetic plants. Plants are a fundamental source of materials for textiles and cosmetics, providing fibers, oils, and bioactive compounds. Fiber plants such as cotton dominate global textile production, offering a renewable resource with softness, breathability, and durability. Cotton undergoes ginning, spinning, and weaving to produce a wide range of fabrics. Other plant-based fibers, including flax and hemp, contribute to sustainable textile alternatives. Wood provides structural materials and is increasingly valued for cosmetic applications. Hardwood species, evaluated by the Janka hardness scale, offer durability for furniture, flooring, and beauty tools. Essential oils derived from plants such as lavender and rose are integral to cosmetics, offering fragrance, therapeutic properties, and benefits. Botanical extracts like aloe and shea butter enhance cosmetic formulations. Advances in cultivation, processing, and formulation technologies value of plant-based textiles and cosmetics to meet consumer demands for natural and sustainable products.