Imaging plays a key role in the evaluation of the symptomatic postoperative patient. Successful interpretation of postoperative imaging requires a thorough understanding of the procedure performed and possible procedure-specific complications. Equally important is an understanding of the range of acceptable postoperative imaging findings, to avoid a misinterpretation of operative failure or complications. Effective interpretation is augmented by understanding the clinical context and review of prior imaging and the operative report. In challenging cases, direct communication with the surgeon may greatly enhance report quality.