This chapter examines Mexico City’s critical mobility challenges such as traffic congestion, air pollution, and safety deficits in the public transportation system, and evaluates how transport electrification, emerging technologies, and policy design can jointly address them. It reviews the status and modernization of mass transit systems, highlighting the growing role of micromobility and private electric vehicles. In addition to this descriptive assessment, the chapter introduces an experimental methodology to quantify real-world energy consumption, emissions, and economic impacts of different vehicle types under Mexico City conditions. Using a low-cost GPS-based monitoring system and an analytical model of vehicle dynamics, the study compares internal combustion and plug-in hybrid vehicles in urban traffic, illustrating how electrification translates into tangible efficiency and cost savings. The results provide empirical evidence that supports integrated electrification and demand management strategies to reduce both congestion and pollution. The chapter concludes with policy recommendations and international best practices relevant to urban mobility planning in megacities.