The application of gamification in higher education has been a topic of interest in the last decade. This article aims to conduct a systematic literature review (SLR) to explore the methodologies employed in this area. The SLR examined 248 relevant articles published between the years 2015 to 2024, of which 38 primary studies were identified for further analysis, which mention topics related to: integration of gaming elements, the use of interactive digital platforms, and the creation of immersive learning experiences. Additionally, these elements are related to objectives such as increasing motivation and academic performance, highlighting techniques, methods and strategies to design and evaluate gamified activities in higher education. Derived from the SLR, the lack of specific guidelines focused on the application of gamification was identified, suggesting development opportunities, and the importance of the use of technological tools in the implementation of gamification. In conclusion, the diversity of approaches highlights the need to improve the teaching-learning process in higher education through gamification.