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This paper aims to analyze the connection between emotional and political heritage landscapes with current urban challenges, particularly gentrification, tourism, and the right to the city in Porto, Portugal. Through an interdisciplinary approach combining critical heritage studies (Smith in Uses of heritage, Routledge, 2006; Smith in Int J Heritage Stud 18:533–540, 2012; Harrison in Heritage: critical approaches, Routledge, 2012; Winter in Int J Heritage Stud 19:532–545, 2012) and cultural and emotional geographies (Davidson et al. in Emotional geographies 2012; Guinard et al. in Géographies des émotions. Carnets de géographes (9) 2016), the findings reveal how heritage and housing justice movements strategically mobilize emotional attachments through street art, protest movements and social media platforms to contest displacement and the “heritage symbolic dismantling” (Veschambre in Traces et mémoires urbaines: enjeux sociaux de la patrimonialisation et de la démolition. Presses Universitaires de Rennes.), in order to preserve collective memory. The research shows that heritage is a contested arena (Bondaz et al. in Civilisations. Revue internationale d’anthropologie et de sciences humaines 61(1):9–22, 2012) where tourism-driven transformation has caused rent increases, while traditional retail is facing systematic erasure despite institutional recognition programs, displaying the gradual deterioration of the social fabric of the city. Multisensory experiences and urban atmospheres emerge as vehicles for collective memory transmission, heritage and spatial appropriation, revealing the multiple dimensions of urban inclusion and exclusion. Theoretical understanding of these issues is enhanced by Lefebvre’s “right to the city” (1967) through the lens of critical heritage studies and emotional and cultural geographies. Visual methodology and participatory approaches are shown to be able to capture non-verbal, sensory, and emotional dimensions that are often absent from traditional top-down heritage assessments. This study explores the emotional and political implications of heritage identification and awareness-raising and highlights how heritage practices can either reinforce or resist urban inequality. Furthermore, this chapter shows that heritage is not only about protecting physical attributes but also about ensuring that communities can maintain their cultural identity and sense of belonging in urban areas. Heritage’s emotional dimensions, which encompass love, nostalgia, fear of disappearance, and collective memory, can be used as resources in heritage conflicts and are essential components of urban citizenship fundamental rights.

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From the Right to the City to Urban Citizenship: Emotional and Political Heritage Landscapes in the Context of Tourism Gentrification in Porto, Portugal

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年

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  • Ana Rita Albuquerque

摘要

This paper aims to analyze the connection between emotional and political heritage landscapes with current urban challenges, particularly gentrification, tourism, and the right to the city in Porto, Portugal. Through an interdisciplinary approach combining critical heritage studies (Smith in Uses of heritage, Routledge, 2006; Smith in Int J Heritage Stud 18:533–540, 2012; Harrison in Heritage: critical approaches, Routledge, 2012; Winter in Int J Heritage Stud 19:532–545, 2012) and cultural and emotional geographies (Davidson et al. in Emotional geographies 2012; Guinard et al. in Géographies des émotions. Carnets de géographes (9) 2016), the findings reveal how heritage and housing justice movements strategically mobilize emotional attachments through street art, protest movements and social media platforms to contest displacement and the “heritage symbolic dismantling” (Veschambre in Traces et mémoires urbaines: enjeux sociaux de la patrimonialisation et de la démolition. Presses Universitaires de Rennes.), in order to preserve collective memory. The research shows that heritage is a contested arena (Bondaz et al. in Civilisations. Revue internationale d’anthropologie et de sciences humaines 61(1):9–22, 2012) where tourism-driven transformation has caused rent increases, while traditional retail is facing systematic erasure despite institutional recognition programs, displaying the gradual deterioration of the social fabric of the city. Multisensory experiences and urban atmospheres emerge as vehicles for collective memory transmission, heritage and spatial appropriation, revealing the multiple dimensions of urban inclusion and exclusion. Theoretical understanding of these issues is enhanced by Lefebvre’s “right to the city” (1967) through the lens of critical heritage studies and emotional and cultural geographies. Visual methodology and participatory approaches are shown to be able to capture non-verbal, sensory, and emotional dimensions that are often absent from traditional top-down heritage assessments. This study explores the emotional and political implications of heritage identification and awareness-raising and highlights how heritage practices can either reinforce or resist urban inequality. Furthermore, this chapter shows that heritage is not only about protecting physical attributes but also about ensuring that communities can maintain their cultural identity and sense of belonging in urban areas. Heritage’s emotional dimensions, which encompass love, nostalgia, fear of disappearance, and collective memory, can be used as resources in heritage conflicts and are essential components of urban citizenship fundamental rights.