Technological Innovation in Energy Trade and Financial Development: Evidence from BRICS-T
摘要
This research explores the ramifications of innovations in energy trade on financial development. In the scope of the analysis, the panel data method was applied to the BRICS-T nations, comprising Brazil, Russia, India, China, South Africa, and Türkiye, which represent a significant bloc of emerging economies using annual data from the 2015–2024 period. The rationale for featuring the BRICS-T nations in this research is that they hold a globally decisive position in energy production, consumption, and trade. Additionally, the fact that each country has different energy policies and financial structures provides an opportunity for a comparative assessment. Türkiye's inclusion in the BRICS group, on the other hand, increases regional diversity and provides a different perspective to the research. The study includes three dependent variables and four independent variables. The dependent variables consist of domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP), gross savings (% of GDP), and market capitalization of listed domestic companies (% of GDP). The independent variables are patents for renewables, renewables consumption per capita, energy imports, net (% of Energy Use), and GDP per capita (current US$). According to the findings, although renewable energy patents positively affected financial development in all formulated models, None of the models established within the scope of the study had statistically significant results. This situation reveals that renewable patents have no measurable implications for financial development indicators at the short date or under the current model. On the other hand, per capita consumption of renewable energy only shows a negative and considerable effect in the gross savings (% of GDP) model. This suggests that higher consumption of renewable energy could have a detrimental impact on savings. However, it has no significant impact on the other two financial parameters (domestic credit to private sector [% of GDP] and market capitalization of listed domestic companies [% of GDP]).