Supply chain collaboration optimization remains a critical challenge for multi-enterprise networks seeking enhanced efficiency and reduced operational costs. This study develops a comprehensive simulation model by Python to quantitatively compare traditional supply chain collaboration approaches with consortium blockchain-based systems. The research implements a 30-day simulation incorporating realistic operational parameters including variable order volumes, probabilistic success rates, cost structures, and coordination timing constraints across a multi-tier network consisting of suppliers, manufacturers, distributors, and retailers. The simulation evaluates performance across multiple dimensions including order fulfillment efficiency, operational costs, coordination time requirements, and information transmission delays. Results demonstrate that blockchain-based supply chains achieve substantial improvements over traditional systems: 28.5% enhancement in order fulfillment efficiency, 36.4% reduction in operational costs, and 78.0% decrease in coordination time. The blockchain system also reduces information delays by 87.3% while maintaining superior performance stability throughout the simulation period. These findings provide empirical evidence supporting blockchain adoption in multi-enterprise supply chain collaboration, offering quantitative benchmarks for strategic decision-making and demonstrating measurable return on investment potential for organizations considering blockchain implementation.