The current transition toward sustainable transportation encourages active mobility, such as walking and cycling. However, grouping cyclists and pedestrians under a single category of “vulnerable users” often overlooks their distinct safety needs. This study explores the specific mobility constraints and expectations of two vulnerable road user groups, visually impaired pedestrians and urban cyclists, to identify their safety needs in French urban settings. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 12 visually impaired pedestrians, 4 orientation and mobility instructors, 1 accessibility expert, and 43 urban cyclists. Interviews focused on mobility habits, infrastructure challenges, and user interactions. The thematic analysis reveals that the French urban environment fails to meet the safety needs of both groups of commuters. Four key issues emerge: the adoption of specific compensatory strategies to anticipate challenges, a persistent sense of insecurity, infrastructure misaligned with user realities, and difficult coexistence between vulnerable users. Visually impaired participants describe cyclists as silent threats, while cyclists see pedestrians as unpredictable. Cyclists and visually impaired pedestrians emphasize that the infrastructure disregarded their need to navigate safely. These findings allow us to formulate several recommendations. By contrasting the experiences of these two groups, the study underscores that French cities are not designed for active transportation modes yet. These insights will guide further studies, aiming to build inclusive and safe urban spaces for all.