Malignant skin and soft tissue tumors are rare in pediatric population. Cutaneous or subcutaneous presentation of malignant soft tissue tumors can occur. Soft tissue sarcomas are divided into rhabdomyosarcoma and other various subtypes grouped together as nonrhabdomyomatous soft tissue sarcomas. Rhabdomyosarcoma is the most common of the pediatric soft tissue sarcoma, mostly located in head and neck region. Infantile fibrosarcoma is the second most common childhood sarcoma involving the skin, with surgical removal as primary component of the treatment. Dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans is characterized by high rates of local recurrence and low risk of metastasis. Peripheral primitive neuroectodermal tumor is a category of neuroectodermal tumors that involve peripheral tissues, and it represents 1% of all sarcomas. Neuroblastoma and ganglioneuroblastomas belong to the group of peripheral neuroblastic tumors. Teratoma is rarely localized in head and neck region, and for this localization, antenatal diagnosis is crucial, in order to secure the airway during the delivery. Hodgkin lymphoma has a peak of distribution in adolescence and adulthood, presented in most with asymptomatic cervical adenopathy. Langerhans cell histocytosis (histocytosis X) ranges from clinically very limited cutaneous disease to severe multisystem disease with clonal accumulations of Langerhans cells.

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Malignant Skin and Soft Tissue Tumors

  • Aleksandar M. Vlahovic,
  • Emir Q. Haxhija

摘要

Malignant skin and soft tissue tumors are rare in pediatric population. Cutaneous or subcutaneous presentation of malignant soft tissue tumors can occur. Soft tissue sarcomas are divided into rhabdomyosarcoma and other various subtypes grouped together as nonrhabdomyomatous soft tissue sarcomas. Rhabdomyosarcoma is the most common of the pediatric soft tissue sarcoma, mostly located in head and neck region. Infantile fibrosarcoma is the second most common childhood sarcoma involving the skin, with surgical removal as primary component of the treatment. Dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans is characterized by high rates of local recurrence and low risk of metastasis. Peripheral primitive neuroectodermal tumor is a category of neuroectodermal tumors that involve peripheral tissues, and it represents 1% of all sarcomas. Neuroblastoma and ganglioneuroblastomas belong to the group of peripheral neuroblastic tumors. Teratoma is rarely localized in head and neck region, and for this localization, antenatal diagnosis is crucial, in order to secure the airway during the delivery. Hodgkin lymphoma has a peak of distribution in adolescence and adulthood, presented in most with asymptomatic cervical adenopathy. Langerhans cell histocytosis (histocytosis X) ranges from clinically very limited cutaneous disease to severe multisystem disease with clonal accumulations of Langerhans cells.