This chapter considers events that happened during September 1956 in the following five domains: science and technology; politics, society and the economy; entertainment, arts, and culture; celebrity and famous names; and sport. Focusing here purely on developments in science and technology, we consider: Donald Campbell breaking his own world speed record on water, Iven Kincheloe breaking the altitude record for a pilot, and Mel Apt breaking the speed record in a rocket before crashing to his death; the go-ahead for the US armed forces to develop sea-launched intercontinental ballistic missiles; the development of the fail-safe procedure for authorities confronted with an ambiguous warning of a nuclear attack; the announcement by IBM of its 305 RAMAC machine, the first commercial computer using a moving-head hard disk drive; and the opening of the first submarine transatlantic telephone cable system with repeaters.