Avoiding Bias: Arms and the Man and the Risk of Social Bias in AI
摘要
This chapter explores the social bias and the depiction of love in Arms and the Man, illustrating the risk of social bias in both the play and in artificial intelligence (AI) and large language models (LLMs). While this book focuses on specific plays, the topics and technique used are transferrable skills that can be generally applied with customized adaptations. In Arms and the Man (1894), Shaw was criticizing romantic ideals. LLMs were used to reconstruct the ideological landscape disseminated in literary works to identify the prevalent social bias in Europe up to 1894. This chapter also surveys the risks faced by AI and LLMs when affected by the social bias in its training data, and how they may spread misinformation. The chapter also examines the warnings by the so-called Godfather of AI, Nobel Laureate Geoffrey Hinton, especially with regard to misinformation and social bias. In addition, an enormous number of Shaw’s dramatic and non-dramatic writings, together with works of European literature, drama, music, and performance texts, were used to train the LLMs to identify different kinds of biases. Human guidance is needed during reinforcement learning from human feedback in the progressive training of the AI to align AI models with the research topic.