The rise of Artificial Intelligence (AI)-based tools is transforming language education, offering adaptive innovations for both language learners and instructors. However, concerns remain about their ability to represent linguistic diversity. Shaped by the data they process and the priorities of their creators, AI systems risk reinforcing dominant linguistic norms. This study explores these issues using Austrian Standard German (ASG), a distinct variety of German, as a case study. By analysing the behaviour of four AI tools—two models of a chatbot, a text-feedback system, and a grammar-correction tool—we assessed whether they recognised ASG as a legitimate standard or altered it to align with German Standard German (GSG). The evaluation, informed by structured testing, revealed significant shortcomings in how these systems handle linguistic variation. Our findings underscore the risks of erasing linguistic particularities and emphasise the need for AI tools to serve as a means of fostering linguistic identity—particularly in educational contexts.

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Like a Slot Machine: AI, Representation, and the Challenges of Language Diversity

  • Katrin Engelmayr-Hofmann,
  • Matthias Leichtfried

摘要

The rise of Artificial Intelligence (AI)-based tools is transforming language education, offering adaptive innovations for both language learners and instructors. However, concerns remain about their ability to represent linguistic diversity. Shaped by the data they process and the priorities of their creators, AI systems risk reinforcing dominant linguistic norms. This study explores these issues using Austrian Standard German (ASG), a distinct variety of German, as a case study. By analysing the behaviour of four AI tools—two models of a chatbot, a text-feedback system, and a grammar-correction tool—we assessed whether they recognised ASG as a legitimate standard or altered it to align with German Standard German (GSG). The evaluation, informed by structured testing, revealed significant shortcomings in how these systems handle linguistic variation. Our findings underscore the risks of erasing linguistic particularities and emphasise the need for AI tools to serve as a means of fostering linguistic identity—particularly in educational contexts.