Protected areas have been created all over the world for the purpose of safeguarding biodiversity and natural resourcesnatural resources. Such areas become crucial for scientific researchscientific research and for studying biodiversity and ecological processes. However, the process that has generally been followed for creating protected areasprotected areas globally has been the forced removal of people to create landscapes devoted to wildlife. This chapter aims to unpack the process followed in the establishment of the Dongola Botanical ReserveDongola Botanical Reserve and Wildlife Sanctuary during the colonial era. The research showed that General Jan Smuts and his favoured allies used nine existing farms to create the Dongola Botanical Reserve; this was an easy process because it did not involve buying or expropriating landland from private landownersprivate landowners. The chapter also found that the idea of expanding the Dongola Botanical Reserve into an ambitious project of a Wildlife Sanctuary at the confluence of the Limpopo and Shashe RiversLimpopo and Shashe Rivers was not only rejected by White private landowners bordering Dongola but also became a political issue between the ruling United PartyUnited Party and the oppositionopposition National PartyNational Party. Reasons for the rejectionrejection of a Wildlife Sanctuary by the opposition party and private landowners bordering Dongola included poor consultation and expropriationexpropriation of land. The idea of creating a Wildlife Sanctuary for “science” or “scientific research” turned out to be highly unpopular with the opposition bench.