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The demand for lightweight materials has driven the development of Fe-Mn-Al steels. These alloys are characterized by reduced density and great mechanical properties. However, their weldability remains a critical challenge, particularly concerning heat-affected zone (HAZ) liquation cracking. This study evaluates the HAZ liquation cracking of four Fe-Mn-Al alloys using spot varestraint and hot ductility testing. Microstructural analyses, including optical microscopy, SEM, and EDS, were performed to correlate chemical composition and microstructural features with cracking behavior. Alloys #1 and #2 exhibited a fully austenitic structure, while alloys #3 and #4 presented a duplex ferrite-austenite microstructure. Results indicate that alloy #1, with the highest Mn and C contents, showed the greatest susceptibility to liquation cracking. In contrast, alloy #4 demonstrated superior resistance. Optimizing the Mn and Al content is crucial to enhancing the weldability of Fe-Mn-Al steels.

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Heat-Affected Zone Liquation Cracking of Al-Rich Steels

  • 会议论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年

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  • Kaue C. Riffel,
  • Rafael Giorjao,
  • Eric Brizes,
  • Katherine Sebeck,
  • Antonio J. Ramirez

摘要

The demand for lightweight materials has driven the development of Fe-Mn-Al steels. These alloys are characterized by reduced density and great mechanical properties. However, their weldability remains a critical challenge, particularly concerning heat-affected zone (HAZ) liquation cracking. This study evaluates the HAZ liquation cracking of four Fe-Mn-Al alloys using spot varestraint and hot ductility testing. Microstructural analyses, including optical microscopy, SEM, and EDS, were performed to correlate chemical composition and microstructural features with cracking behavior. Alloys #1 and #2 exhibited a fully austenitic structure, while alloys #3 and #4 presented a duplex ferrite-austenite microstructure. Results indicate that alloy #1, with the highest Mn and C contents, showed the greatest susceptibility to liquation cracking. In contrast, alloy #4 demonstrated superior resistance. Optimizing the Mn and Al content is crucial to enhancing the weldability of Fe-Mn-Al steels.