This chapter explores the nature, extent, composition, and evolving pattern of child poverty in New Zealand since the 1980s. Drawing on a range of poverty measures and other relevant data, it highlights how child poverty and material hardship increased significantly following the neo-liberal reforms of the late 1980s and early-to-mid 1990s, not least among minority ethnic groups. The chapter then assesses governmental efforts since the early 2000s to reduce poverty rates. Particular attention is given to the goals, design, and impact of the Child Poverty Reduction Act enacted by a centre-left government in 2018. While this legislation initially incentivized policy-makers to prioritize poverty reduction measures, their efforts have been partially undermined by the negative economic impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic, geopolitical instability, and fiscal stringency.