The millet sector is presently driven by increasing health awareness, sustainability goals, and supportive policy frameworks across the globe. Millets are gaining prominence in the international debate on food system reorientation as nutrient-dense and climate-resilient “smart foods” with great potential to become major cereal alternatives. This chapter thus discusses the changing market trends, consumer preferences, and technological advancements in value addition and millet processing. It identifies various initiatives like the International Year of Millets (2023), National Food Security Mission, and FSSAI’s Eat Right India campaign, which have triggered enhanced visibility and demand for millets. Newer, emerging technologies of processing like extrusion, fermentation, malting, and blending have been used to produce a range of innovative ready-to-eat and functional millet-based products for modern lifestyle choices. Yet, there are several issues standing in the way of reinvigorating millet demand, related to supply chain inefficiencies, inadequate processing infrastructure, and poor consumer awareness. In the end, the chapter identifies promising future opportunities in digital millet commerce, export-oriented processing hubs, millet QSRs, and the circular use of byproducts to position millets as a key driver of global food and nutritional security.