An individual as a connective structure: an individual has memory, but it is always created collectively. An individual is always part of what we call Closure 2, is member of many interconnected groups; a multicellular individual as our body is itself a closure 2. The present as a frame, as a reference for remembering—or re–interpreting, even of an invention of the past. Mimetization or reconfiguration of values: Lotmanian explosion. Language is not a simple, unchanging code, but a code in a history; the past is a cultural creation. Communicative and collective memory, with a floating gap in between. Translations of meaning—between languages, or between historical forms of the same entity. Distributed language as a pool of nonwritten memory. Forms of written messages, texts, reading, understanding. Model and empirical author and/or reader: how understanding will appear; abductive procedures and presuppositions; small worlds. Alphabetical and pictogram recordings of speech.