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Flying Ad-hoc Networks (FANETs) consist of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) or drones, forming a subset of Mobile Ad-hoc Networks (MANETs) with distinct characteristics, notably their highly dynamic and sparse nature. This dynamism poses challenges in protocol selection. The Ad-hoc On-Demand Distance Vector (AODV) routing protocol, renowned in MANETs and its subsets, is adapted for FANETs to accommodate UAVs or drones moving in three-dimensional space. In AODV, hello packets are crucial for route updates within the network. This study investigates two scenarios using the Gauss Markov 3D mobility model: first, varying the hello packet interval and analyzing its impact on different numbers of UAVs; second, studying the effect of dynamic hello packet intervals with changing UAV speeds. Quality of service (QoS) parameters such as Average Throughput, Packet Delivery Ratio, Average End-to-End Delay, and Routing Overhead are evaluated. The results suggest that increasing the frequency of hello packets may be advantageous for the second scenario up to a certain node speed, but it does not yield significant benefits for the first scenario.

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Dynamic Hello Packet Interval Impact on QoS for AODV Protocol in Flying Ad-Hoc Networks with Gauss Markov 3D Mobility Model

  • 会议论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年

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  • Manish Kumar,
  • Vrinda Tokekar

摘要

Flying Ad-hoc Networks (FANETs) consist of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) or drones, forming a subset of Mobile Ad-hoc Networks (MANETs) with distinct characteristics, notably their highly dynamic and sparse nature. This dynamism poses challenges in protocol selection. The Ad-hoc On-Demand Distance Vector (AODV) routing protocol, renowned in MANETs and its subsets, is adapted for FANETs to accommodate UAVs or drones moving in three-dimensional space. In AODV, hello packets are crucial for route updates within the network. This study investigates two scenarios using the Gauss Markov 3D mobility model: first, varying the hello packet interval and analyzing its impact on different numbers of UAVs; second, studying the effect of dynamic hello packet intervals with changing UAV speeds. Quality of service (QoS) parameters such as Average Throughput, Packet Delivery Ratio, Average End-to-End Delay, and Routing Overhead are evaluated. The results suggest that increasing the frequency of hello packets may be advantageous for the second scenario up to a certain node speed, but it does not yield significant benefits for the first scenario.