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This chapter presents the Stokes vector and Mueller matrix formalism for characterizing polarized light. As a first step toward describing the propagation of polarized light in tissues, the single scattering approximation valid for weakly scattering media is discussed. Based on the Mie theory, the Mueller matrix for single scattering by a spherical particle consisting of an optically inactive material is derived. It is shown that using the concept of Mie theory, it is possible to model more complex tissue structures containing particles of a certain shape and composition. The concepts of the Stokes vector for the case of a monochromatic plane wave and the Mueller matrix for single scattering are generalized to more complex cases. The Stokes vector is for a quasi-monochromatic wave, and the Mueller matrix is for an ensemble of interacting particles.

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Polarized Light Interactions with Weakly Scattering Media

  • 章节

  • 发表日期：

    2026年

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  • Valery V. Tuchin,
  • Tatiana Novikova,
  • Lihong V. Wang,
  • Dmitry A. Zimnyakov,
  • Hui Ma,
  • Marina V. Alonova,
  • Jiachen Wan

摘要

This chapter presents the Stokes vector and Mueller matrix formalism for characterizing polarized light. As a first step toward describing the propagation of polarized light in tissues, the single scattering approximation valid for weakly scattering media is discussed. Based on the Mie theory, the Mueller matrix for single scattering by a spherical particle consisting of an optically inactive material is derived. It is shown that using the concept of Mie theory, it is possible to model more complex tissue structures containing particles of a certain shape and composition. The concepts of the Stokes vector for the case of a monochromatic plane wave and the Mueller matrix for single scattering are generalized to more complex cases. The Stokes vector is for a quasi-monochromatic wave, and the Mueller matrix is for an ensemble of interacting particles.