The chapter discusses the recognition and treatment of psychiatric manifestations in patients with neurologic diseases. It emphasizes the importance of understanding drug metabolism and therapeutic indications to enhance prescriber confidence and minimize the societal burden of mental illnesses. The case includes clinical pearls highlighting essential take-home messages for better clinical practice. The book is intended to serve as a valuable resource for healthcare professionals, promoting improved treatment approaches for psychiatric symptoms associated with neurological conditions. The references provided underscore significant studies related to depression, cognitive decline, and the management of agitation in dementia, thereby contributing to the overarching goal of improving patient care.