One of the rights associated with the EU citizenship status is protection by diplomatic and consular authorities outside of the Union. Unlike the right to free movement, this right is relatively rarely used and receives less attention in the literature. This chapter looks into the right to protection by diplomatic and consular authorities. It first gives an overview of diplomatic protection. Then, the chapter turns to analysing the right to protection by diplomatic and consular authorities, looking into how diplomatic protection of Union citizens and consular assistance fit in the broader context of relevant international law. The chapter sheds light on the legal problems associated with the right to protection by diplomatic and consular authorities and how EU citizenship departs from international law in that regard.