We are now in the era of the fourth industrial revolution, which differs from all previous ‘revolutionary’ forms that took place during the world history, due to ‘impressive innovations and powerful technological breakthroughs in various fields of science, technology, and production’, such as ‘the Internet of things’, virtual environment, robotics, and other technological areas, for example, cognitive, cloud, bio-and nanotechnology. This fourth industrial revolution is fundamentally different from the previous ones: first of all, it has a higher speed of development and implementation of innovative technologies; secondly, it has a planetary, global scale of their distribution. AI has both positive and negative effects. Among the former, the exponential growth of AI has emerged as a pivotal force reshaping the global landscape. AI-driven technologies are revolutionizing international trade. AI can also have a negative impact on some sections of a society. In fact, it can be expected to have critical social impacts, with significant variations across countries and regions.