This chapter traces the development of Israel's gas sector, beginning with the regulatory framework, starting with tax reforms implemented by the Sheshinski Committee, and ending with the export policy formulated by the Tzemach Committee, which established export quotas while ensuring long-term domestic demand. It demonstrates how the Russia-Ukraine war reignited the debate surrounding securing gas supplies for the domestic market and export limits. Theoretically, the chapter analyzes Israeli gas export policies through a "securitization" approach, illustrating how gas has become an integral part of national security equations. Economically, it examines the impact of gas on the electricity mix, its expanding industrial use, and its contribution to enhancing the competitiveness of Israeli industries. The chapter concludes that the consolidation of regulations and export policies has contributed to Israel's transformation from a net importer to a regional exporter, with security considerations and domestic demand remaining central determinants of the Israeli gas sector's trajectory.