Illustration is an art form that allows humans to express their emotions and thoughts. By comparing and analyzing the illustration cultures of China and the West, we can gain a deeper understanding and appreciation for the unique charm and artistic value of each. It can also promote the exchange and integration between Chinese and Western art, driving the continuous development and progress of world art. The rise of Chinese illustration represents the process of national unification and the popularization of arts and literature. In China's historical development, countless classic literary works have emerged and been passed down to future generations. Classic literary works, as an element, also play a crucial role in the design of traditional and modern Chinese-style illustrations. It offers new interpretations, exploring more artistically valuable illustration works while showcasing China's profound cultural and historical heritage. Due to profound changes and transitions in Chinese society and culture, artists struggled to balance the tradition of Chinese art with the shock of modern influences. Since the nineteenth century, Western culture and art have had a profound impact on China. Many illustrators have found a new way to incorporate features of traditional Chinese art into their creative systems.