The Role of Social Media in Sustaining and Organizing Movements: A Case Study of July Movement in Bangladesh
摘要
This study explores the role of social media in mobilizing and sustaining the student-led protest movement that took place in July 2024 in Bangladesh. Drawing on survey data from 282 university and college students, the research examines how platforms such as Facebook, Messenger, and WhatsApp contributed to awareness-building, coordination, and emotional solidarity during the movement. The findings show that a majority of participants first learned about the protests through social media and used these platforms extensively to share content, engage with symbolic campaigns, and participate in hashtag activism. Statistical analysis reveals significant differences in engagement and perceived impact based on media usage, with Facebook users reporting a stronger sense of voice amplification and unity. During the government-imposed internet blackout, participants adapted by using alternative tools such as SMS, television, and mesh network applications to maintain communication. The results suggest that social media functioned as more than a communication tool—it became central to the organization, expression, and visibility of the movement. While the study is limited by its urban-focused sample and the short timeframe, it offers important insights into the dynamics of digital activism in the context of political repression. These findings contribute to a broader understanding of how youth-led movements operate in digitally mediated environments.