Indonesia has been undertaking adaptation and mitigation efforts to address the ongoing climate challenges and to move forward on a path towards resilience. Several measures have been integrated into policies and development planning at multiple levels of government, from national to local, to operationalise initiatives and produce tangible and actionable outcomes. These actions have been accompanied by a paradigm change from a merely survival-oriented approach to a more transformative and long-term strategy to ensure sustainable development. However, these measures are limited due to a lack of funding sources and financing mechanisms and by critical governance issues, resulting in incremental progress that has left the main issues unresolved, or even exacerbated, with ongoing environmental problems. This chapter unfolds the milestones of climate change adaptation and mitigation strategies in Indonesia’s development planning from the national and local government levels, with several examples of implementation. This chapter also proposes pathways to promote effective action for a more transformative approach that includes comprehensive interventions with innovative policies, active stakeholder engagement, and sustainable practices implemented on a broader scale.