In the 1980s, student unions in Pakistan faced systematic suppression and were ultimately banned, marking a turning point in the country’s political history. This ban initiated a paradigm shift as the state apparatus deliberately sought to depoliticize higher education institutions. While a wide body of scholarship from across ideological spectrums has examined the decline of student politics, few studies have effectively connected the role of the state apparatus with its impact on students. Protests demanding the restoration of unions have occurred, yet their voices remain marginalized in public discourse. This chapter critically investigates the current state of student politics in Pakistan through secondary data and theoretical insights from Michel Foucault and Henry Giroux. It advances three propositions: first, that the discourse on the silencing of political voices in educational institutions remains underexplored; second, that depoliticization has paradoxically advanced neoliberal economic structures while eroding democratic foundations; and third, that apolitical classrooms are vulnerable to ideological manipulation. The chapter concludes that student unions are essential for nurturing democracy and argues that a constructive role of the state apparatus is necessary to create space for peaceful, inclusive, and vibrant student politics in Pakistan.

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Struggles for Justice and Equality on Campus: Student Unions, State Power, and the Erosion of Intellectual Discourse in Pakistan

  • Jamal Nasir,
  • Fouzia Sadaf

摘要

In the 1980s, student unions in Pakistan faced systematic suppression and were ultimately banned, marking a turning point in the country’s political history. This ban initiated a paradigm shift as the state apparatus deliberately sought to depoliticize higher education institutions. While a wide body of scholarship from across ideological spectrums has examined the decline of student politics, few studies have effectively connected the role of the state apparatus with its impact on students. Protests demanding the restoration of unions have occurred, yet their voices remain marginalized in public discourse. This chapter critically investigates the current state of student politics in Pakistan through secondary data and theoretical insights from Michel Foucault and Henry Giroux. It advances three propositions: first, that the discourse on the silencing of political voices in educational institutions remains underexplored; second, that depoliticization has paradoxically advanced neoliberal economic structures while eroding democratic foundations; and third, that apolitical classrooms are vulnerable to ideological manipulation. The chapter concludes that student unions are essential for nurturing democracy and argues that a constructive role of the state apparatus is necessary to create space for peaceful, inclusive, and vibrant student politics in Pakistan.