This chapter explores the critical contribution ofUrban green spaces urban green spacesGreen spaces in mitigating air and noise pollution within the Kolkata Municipal CorporationKolkata Municipal Corporation (KMC). Through the integration of spatial mapping, field observations, and statistical modeling, the study evaluates major air quality parameters PM2.5, PM10, NO, CO, and SO2 and diurnal patterns of noise intensity across monitoring stations situated in both vegetation-rich neighborhoods and highly built-up localities. The results demonstrate a clear inverse relationship between vegetation density and pollutant concentrations, with green spacesGreen spaces acting as natural buffers through particulate filtration, gaseous absorption, and microclimatic regulation. Similarly, noise levels were consistently lower in greener surroundings, emphasizing the sound-attenuating capacity of trees and landscaped areas. Comparative analysis highlights the vulnerability of highly concretized zones, where pollutant loads and acoustic stress exceed recommended thresholds. The chapter emphasizes the imperative of mainstreaming green infrastructureGreen infrastructure into urban planning frameworks to ensure sustainable environmental management and healthier urban living conditions.