Pregnancy process is a period when infectious diseases can progress with more serious clinical processes due to the effects on the immune system and hormonal changes. Although infections generally do not cause a permanent effect on the mother and fetus, they can progress with catastrophic results in some cases. It should not be forgotten that a serious infection during pregnancy can cause long or short-term permanent damage to the mother and fetus and even result in death. These infections are usually caused by viral, bacterial, fungal, or protozoal organisms. Today, primary prevention should be considered as a priority, no matter how advanced the treatment methods are. For this, the society should be adequately informed about especially contagious infectious diseases and their protection methods, and vaccination practices and preconceptional counseling services should be provided effectively. Similarly, the effective use of screening methods, especially in early pregnancy, will reduce morbidity and mortality rates by ensuring that the mother and fetus overcome the current infectious process in the healthiest way with early diagnosis and appropriate follow-up and treatment.