Significant health benefits can be obtained from a plant-based diet that emphasizes plant foods (vegetables, fruit, pulses, grains and nuts) and limits consumption of refined processed foods and animal products (meat, poultry, fish, dairy and eggs). Obesity, diabetes, heart disease, and some types of cancer can be prevented by eating a plant-based diet. Eating behaviors and food habits are acquired during childhood and adolescence and typically carry over into adulthood. Therefore, eating a plant-based diet can help them make healthier food choices later in life in addition to being a significant dietary quality indicator. Research on the prerequisites and procedures involved in changing diets to a more plant-based diet is lacking, despite the potential advantages of a plant-based diet. Hence, the present chapter highlights the significance of education, advocacy and current frameworks of plant based eating to achieve universal food security and to create a habitable planet for all living things.