For explosive or pyrotechnic waste generated during daily manufacturing or use, it is mandatory to ensure safe disposal to mitigate risks. Additionally, the packaging used for transporting and handling these materials can become contaminated, posing significant challenges to packaging waste management operations. European environmental policies for waste and packaging waste management encourage manufacturers and end-users to prioritize reuse, recycling, or biological and energy recovery. As of January 1, 2025, it became mandatory in Portugal to create a management entity constituted by the manufacturers of the product or packers of a specific flow of packaging to carry out, directly or indirectly, the collection, transportation and storage, and preliminary sorting of waste from its own collection network. This study aims to assess the feasibility of applying waste treatment and management practices, as outlined by general legislation for manufactured products, to explosive and pyrotechnic waste and their packaging. With this purpose, a survey was conducted on waste management practices and explosives packaging management across several European countries for a comparison with the practices and regulations in Portugal. The results indicate that open burning and detonation are the most employed methods for the disposal of explosive waste and explosive packaging. To determine the environmental impact of this practice, the number of explosives and pyrotechnics packaging items placed on the market annually is estimated. The paper also explores the conflict between the waste management legislation, integrated rural fire management policies, and safety regulations governing explosives and pyrotechnics for civilian use.

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Packaging Explosives and Pyrotechnics Articles—Balance Between Safety Policy and Waste Management

  • José Carlos Góis

摘要

For explosive or pyrotechnic waste generated during daily manufacturing or use, it is mandatory to ensure safe disposal to mitigate risks. Additionally, the packaging used for transporting and handling these materials can become contaminated, posing significant challenges to packaging waste management operations. European environmental policies for waste and packaging waste management encourage manufacturers and end-users to prioritize reuse, recycling, or biological and energy recovery. As of January 1, 2025, it became mandatory in Portugal to create a management entity constituted by the manufacturers of the product or packers of a specific flow of packaging to carry out, directly or indirectly, the collection, transportation and storage, and preliminary sorting of waste from its own collection network. This study aims to assess the feasibility of applying waste treatment and management practices, as outlined by general legislation for manufactured products, to explosive and pyrotechnic waste and their packaging. With this purpose, a survey was conducted on waste management practices and explosives packaging management across several European countries for a comparison with the practices and regulations in Portugal. The results indicate that open burning and detonation are the most employed methods for the disposal of explosive waste and explosive packaging. To determine the environmental impact of this practice, the number of explosives and pyrotechnics packaging items placed on the market annually is estimated. The paper also explores the conflict between the waste management legislation, integrated rural fire management policies, and safety regulations governing explosives and pyrotechnics for civilian use.