This study substantiates the relevance of using technogenic raw materials in the production of building materials and products. The paper shows the need to develop new and innovative solutions in the technology of production of ceramic wall materials based on man-made raw materials and industrial waste. The study analytically defines a technological solution for the efficient use of substandard raw materials to obtain high-quality ceramics and develops a scheme for forming the structure of ceramic matrix composites based on it. The paper proposes various methods for aggregating ash and forming a shell around ash granules using the example of fly ash from thermal power plants (TPPs). The article presents studies of the chemical, mineral and granulometric composition of raw materials using modern precision analysis methods. The technique of preparing ceramic samples based on fly ash using a technological binder is considered, including raw material preparation, granule production, molding, drying and firing of samples. The paper presents the results of studying the structure of the obtained ceramic materials based on fly ash. A distinct phase boundary has been established between the matrix and the core of the composite formed from aggregated ash complexes during firing. The current study shows a fundamentally new scheme for obtaining ceramic matrix composites using a granulated batch preparation complex.