This chapter explores various theories within psychology to understand emotions, focusing on both Western and Indian perspectives. Western theories based on contributions by Darwin, James-Lange, Cannon-Bard, Schachter-Singer, Ekman, etc. are discussed. These theories are classified as Evolutionary, physiological, cognitive, constructivists, and socio-cultural in their approach. Indian psychological frameworks for Emotions explore Bharatamuni’s Rasa theory in Natyashastra, emotional management as mentioned in the Yoga Sutras of Patanjali, Buddhist emotional classifications, and Panch kosha models. A comparative analysis highlights epistemic and ontological differences, contrasting the Western emphasis on biology and cognition with Indian models’ spiritual and aesthetic orientations. The chapter advocates for an integrative, culturally sensitive and holistic approach to emotional theory that enriches global psychological understanding and practice. This chapter also discusses application of various emotion’s theory in therapeutic and forensic setting.