Gradient Descent Algorithm for Automatic Optimization of a Laser Beam Cross-Section in Free-Space Optical Communication Applications
摘要
The challenge of laser beam shaping is a well-established issue that continues to be pertinent across a range of applications in contemporary laser physics, encompassing areas such as metal cutting and wireless energy transmission over long distances. For instance, the conversion of a conventional Gaussian beam profile into a flat-top profile is essential for enhancing various technologies, including material processing and holographic recording. Additionally, the ring-shape beam profile facilitates a uniform temperature distribution across a target, thereby improving the stability of several thermal processes, such as melting. To address this challenge, an automatic optimization procedure based on gradient descent algorithm has been developed, incorporating a phase-only spatial light modulator and an intensity analyzer. This algorithm has been rigorously tested to evaluate its effectiveness. The experimental results demonstrating the formation of flat-top and ring-shape intensity distributions are presented herein. Notably, we achieved the concentration of 56% of the initial beam energy for the ring-shape intensity distribution and around 76% for the flat-top intensity distribution.