Energy resilience in buildings is emerging as a key challenge in the face of accelerating climate change. As extreme weather events and rising temperatures increasingly threaten the reliability of energy systems, understanding how buildings can adapt, respond, and maintain functionality becomes essential. This review explores the evolving landscape of indicators and methodologies used to assess energy resilience in the built environment. From conceptual frameworks to advanced simulation models, the literature reveals a wide spectrum of approaches and metrics, reflecting the complexity and multidimensionality of the topic. While promising tools and innovative indicators are gaining traction, the lack of methodological consistency and standardization still limits their broader applicability. By mapping current research trends and highlighting critical gaps, this work offers a foundation for developing more integrated, flexible, and context-sensitive strategies to support resilient and sustainable building design. Through this approach, it contributes to the growing effort to align building performance with global climate and sustainability goals.