Ukraine’s European Integration: The Long and Rocky Road to Candidate Status
摘要
The author analyzes Ukraine’s protracted process of integration into the European Union, which reached an important milestone in June 2024 with the formal opening of accession negotiations. The starting point of the study is key historical events such as the Euromaidan, the signing of the Association Agreement and the Russian war of aggression in 2022. He examines the political, socio-economic, and geopolitical factors, which made the accelerated integration possible. Based on Kingdon’s multiple streams approach, the author examines the link between problem, political, and policy streams. The analysis shows that reforms in Ukraine, such as the adaptation to EU standards and the fight against corruption, formed a decisive basis for the accession talks. At the same time, the author sheds light on the role of geopolitical dynamics, in particular the decoupling of the EU from Russia, as well as the effects of the war, which brought Ukraine into the focus of the international community. The focus is also on Volodymyr Zelensky, whose leadership and diplomatic skills contributed significantly to strengthening the Ukrainian position. The chapter concludes with a discussion of the remaining challenges, including economic stability, the protection of minorities, and the long-term effects of the war, which will continue to shape the accession process.