This chapter examines the chemical and mineralogical changes, as well as carbon accumulation in soils, with a focus on charge generation using silicate agrominerals in soil from the Brazilian Cerrado biome. The presented case study includes data from a long-term field experiment with silicate agrominerals: biotite schist, syenite, basalt, phonolite, kamafugite, and vermiculite. Dosages were calculated to supply potassium for forage crops and to increase the theoretical soil charge by 0.3–1 cmolc kg−1. These studies were conducted on soils cultivated with Urochloa brizantha cv. BRS Paiaguás. Although accelerated mineral weathering and the formation of organo-mineral complexes have been observed, a gap remains in understanding the field effects of silicate agrominerals on charge generation and carbon accumulation in tropical soils. Measuring the carbon balance in tropical soils treated with silicate agrominerals is crucial for estimating the potential for long-term carbon retention in agricultural areas. This mechanism is vital for mitigating greenhouse gases, as it also promotes nutrient release, charge generation, organic matter stabilization, stimulates soil organism activity, and reduces costs for agricultural producers. Additionally, the charges generated in the soil increase cation exchange capacity, enhancing the retention of cations that might otherwise be lost through leaching during agricultural cultivation.