The third chapter identifies some debates and ethical issues that arose in relation to the equitable distribution of vaccines during COVID 19 pandemic. It explains the Hobbesian state of nature in which countries were engaged in a kind of every-man-for-himself power struggle and the prisoner’s dilemma the world faced during the pandemic. This chapter outlines some of the approaches to the so-called “vaccine nationalism”, their justifications and the problems involved. A moderate nationalism, like the ‘flu risk’ criterion is explored. The chapter also examines these different strategies, and how much of the ideal approaches and the explicit criteria of the decision-making mechanism outlined in the first chapters can be applied, and in what ways.