NHR represents a transformative opportunity for clean energy production, originating through geologic mechanisms including serpentinization, radiolysis, microbial metabolism, and mantle-derived gas release. These processes operate within distinct geological environments characterized by ultramafic rocks, sedimentary basins, and Precambrian shield rocks, each contributing uniquely to H2 accumulation. The development and preservation of these reservoirs depend on interconnected variables such as lithology, structural features, burial depth, pore networks, and hydraulic conductivity, combined with geochemical conditions like thermal gradients, fluid pressures, aqueous interactions, and reactive mineral assemblages. Biogenic contributions, specifically anaerobic microbial consortia, further modulate H2 dynamics through redox-driven metabolisms.