Obesity is a perilous medical state that is progressively inculpated with nutritional derangements linked to micronutrient deficiencies, including iron, zinc, calcium, magnesium, selenium, and vitamins A, B, C, D, and E. Obesity may perpetuate deficiencies due to nutrient-poor, calorie-rich diets, higher nutrient requirements in relation to the body, reduced absorption, modifications in micronutrient metabolism due to low-grade inflammation, gut microbiota dysbiosis, invasive obesity treatments, sequestration within adipose tissue, and depletion to combat oxidative stress. Micronutrient (like vitamin A, Zn, and Ca) deficiencies, in turn, can lead to obesity by adipogenesis, altering fat deposition and metabolism, waning fat burning, leptin resistance, and insulin resistance, thus initiating the vicious cycle. To fight this micronutrient deficiency, various approaches like food or biofortification, food diversification, and vitamin supplementation may be opted. Additional investigation is required to comprehend the causes of nutritional deficiencies in individuals who are overweight or obese, as well as the consequences of pharmacological and bariatric surgery used to address them. This chapter presents the impact of obesity and its treatment on micronutrient status, effect of micronutrient deficiency in obesity development, approaches to combat micronutrient deficiency, and crosstalk between obesity and micronutrient deficiency.